Huawei Strategic Information Technology Plan Essay

Huawei Strategic Information Technology Plan Tricia L. Miller MGT 497 Thomas Hennefer May 9, 2011 Huawei Strategic Information Technology Plan Executive Summary The Huawei Technologies organization is a leader in innovative technologies and has developed a strong strategy to expand and grow as innovators. Huawei Technologies has embraced technology and has been innovative since the inception of the firm. â€Å"Huawei has built comprehensive advantages in core areas such as wired and wireless broadband access, data communications, and optical transmission through years of continuous development† (Huawei). Ranked number five as one the most innovative companies of 2010, Huawei Technologies surpassed other leading telecom firms to rank†¦show more content†¦The pros and cons are weighed and the firm can proceed forward with all of the facts and a well laid out plan for innovation. By taking all of the appropriate steps and doing proper due diligence and organization such as Huawei Technologies and ensure that they achieve the desired results of a new technology or innovation. Huawei Strategic Information Technology Plan The Huawei organization is well known for its innovative endeavors and strives to continue to produce innovative technologies. The organization has surpasses other leading telecom operations by leading the industry with innovative technologies. â€Å"Shenzhen-based Huawei Technologies shot past Alcatel-Lucent and Nokia Siemens in 2009 to become the world’ number two telecom equipment provider, powered by quality and product upgrades on top of its long-standing low prices† Lee, 2010). The company’s most recent innovative technology is the implementation of a 4G cell-phone network and they are consistently in the forefront of mobile technology. â€Å"Huawei’s vision is to enrich life through communication† (Huawei.com, 2011) and the organization stand by this through its innovative development of mobile and network communication technologies. There are a number of key questions that need to be explored when planning and developing innovative tech nologies and Huawei Technologies has continuously succeeded in planning andShow MoreRelatedHuawei : The World s Biggest Telecommunications Company1673 Words   |  7 Pagesheard of the Chinese brand called Huawei, but Huawei’s products have been all over the world. According to Huawei’s official website, so far, about one-third of the world’s population in more than 170 countries and regions are using their products, and 45 of the world’s top 50 telecom operators are also the customer of Huawei (Huawei.com). In the UK, its customers include BT, Everything Everywhere, O2, Orange, TalkTalk, Virgin Media and Sky (Anderson, 2012). Huawei is the first Chinese brand to beRead MoreChange Management of Huawei2762 Words   |  12 PagesJosef Part-I The definition of change management Part-II The consideration of change management Part-III Introduction of HUA WEI The history (problems) of HUA WEI --Two â€Å"collective resignation† in Huawei history --Performance-related pay --Employee training and development Three main steps during Huawei development -- Self-optimization -- The introduction copy -- Innovation and development Part-IV Conclusion Part-V References Part-I The definition of change management Read MoreChange Management of Huawei2762 Words   |  12 PagesPart-I The definition of change management Part-II The consideration of change management Part-III Introduction of HUA WEI The history (problems) of HUA WEI --Two â€Å"collective resignation† in Huawei history --Performance-related pay --Employee training and development Three main steps during Huawei development -- Self-optimization -- The introduction copy -- Innovation and development Part-IV Conclusion Part-V References Part-I The definition of change management Read MoreMarketing plan - huawei4038 Words   |  17 Pages1632330 1614434 1630311 1630885 1632317 Table of content Introduction This marketing plan is specially measured to the company Huawei. 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(IBM, 2013) In the year 2000, there was a decline in customer demand andRead MoreGoing Mobile : An Analysis Of The Industry4411 Words   |  18 Pages Going Mobile? An Analysis of the Industry Luis Miranda, Dianne Prince, Katherine Roberts, and Gabriela Roman University of North Alabama Author Note This paper was prepared for Strategic Management, MG 498-I01, taught by Dr. Balch. Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Going Mobile? : An Analysis of the Industry 4 Revenue Size and Other Relative Statistics 5 Macro- Environmental Factors 6 Major Competition and Their Shares 9 Industry Leaders by Vendor 11 Industry Leaders by MarketRead Morecase study of XiaoMi4678 Words   |  19 Pagesfor its further success. The methods used in the report include external analysis (customer analysis, competitor analysis, market analysis and environmental analysis), internal analysis (performance analysis and determinants of strategic options) and analysis of strategic outputs. In addition, a survey which can be found in Appendix part was conducted in a focus group to help on the analysis. The results from the analysis tell that Xiaomi has attracted a large number of very loyal customers by veryRead MoreCase Study of Xiaomi4934 Words   |  20 Pagesits further success. The methods used in the report include external analysis (customer analysis, competitor analysis, market analysis and environmental analysis), internal analysis (performance analysis and determinants of strategic options) and analysis of strategic outputs. In addition, a survey which can be found in Appendix part was conducted in a focus group to help on the analysis. The results from the analysis tell that Xiaomi has attracted a large number of very loyal customers by

Television And The Golden Age Of Television Essay

Have you often found yourself watching television and saying â€Å"Just one more episode† and suddenly it’s 3am and you have to wake up in four hours to go to work or school? Ever since man discovered fire, we have been using artificial light to extend our days and fight off sleep. We continue to work late into the night with the development of electricity and light bulbs. In the 1950s, when televisions were first introduced to the general population, nearly two thirds of American households had televisions. During what is referred to as The Golden Age of Television, families would gather around their TV set and watch their favorite shows together and after nine that evening they would head to sleep because there was nothing else to watch. Now there are thousands of television networks and channels that are constantly playing programs, whether they’re reruns of old shows or new episodes. There are also dozens of options that allow you to watch for hours on end, whether they’re live television, DVR, HBO, Netflix, Hulu, YouTube, or On Demand. Not to mention the evolution of computers and smartphones, we are constantly surrounded by technology 24/7, which begins to affect our brains in ways that have never been seen before in history. We have always known that we need sleep, but up until the 1950s, most people thought of sleep as a passive, dormant part of our daily lives. We now know that our brains are very active during sleep. Moreover, sleep affects our daily functioning andShow MoreRelatedThe First Golden Age Of Television1278 Words   |  6 PagesSixth Response In the first golden age, there was no gold. In fact, there was no color, only black and white. The first golden age of television occurred in the nineteen-fifties and the gold was quite humble on the surface. Because the shows were about local police, cowboys and housewives. However, these wholesome programs acted like an awl, digging deep into the national psyche, bringing out something truly valuable and sought after by everyone. These shows exemplified the feelings of a nation andRead MoreThe New Golden Age Of Television Essay1740 Words   |  7 PagesMcCauley Intro to Humanities 16 November 2016 The New Golden Age of Television Television is so popular that it is almost a vital part of life to most people. According to the article â€Å"The Real Golden Age of Television†, the first successful demonstration of electronic television was introduced on September 7, 1927. (Handy William). It was designed by Philo Taylor Farnsworth. Charles Jenkins is also an important person to the creation of television because he created the first mechanical TV on JuneRead MorePostwar America: The Golden Age of Television Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe ‘Golden Age of Television’ is what many refer to as the period between the 1950s and 60s when the television began to establish itself as a prevalent medium in the United States. In 1947, the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), and the Du Mont Network were the four main television networks that ran stations with regular programming taking place. (Television, 2003) While regul ar television programming was a new innovationRead MoreThe Different Types of Messages and Representations Television Media Communicates about Older Adulthood1107 Words   |  5 Pagesadult. For the purpose of this paper, an older adult is a man or woman who is over the age of 65. Although they are seen regularly in society, have you ever stopped to notice how older adults are treated and portrayed in on-screen media? Most people who watch television have started to notice the quantity and quality of older adult characters over the years. During the era of television shows such as The Golden Girls, older men and women were almost always in a featured role. They were also portrayedRead MoreThe And Redefining Expectations Of Quality Television1340 Words   |  6 PagesBattlestar Galactica Rebooted, Refurbished, and Redefining Expectations of Quality Television In 2002 Ron Moore began working on an updated, reimagined take on the 1970’s Science Fiction show Battlestar Galactica. With the help of producer David Eick, Moore created a miniseries event that was one part film, one part pilot for a new breed of televised Science Fiction drama. Combining elements present in other Quality Television shows, Battlestar Galactica (BSG) redefined the expectations of consumers forRead MoreRadios Impact On The Media1265 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation. Radio has continued to be a part of mass communication, sending messages to an audience through music, local and international news, comedy shows and even celebrity updates. Radio had mild beginnings to hobbyists, increased popularity, the golden ages and finally radio has withstood the tests of time to continue to be part of consumer society. Radio Beginnings The radio had humble beginnings with the early adopters who were hobbyists of what the radio provided as the first means of broadcastingRead MoreThe Point Of Theatre And Motion Picture Technology1581 Words   |  7 Pagesmedium, will first be explored through theatre’s effect on media created by motion picture technology. 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Almost ninety years later, a common family tradition is sitting around the televisionRead MoreRadio Communication : Radio And Radio1396 Words   |  6 PagesS. and Europe, broadcasting stations such as KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and England s British Broadcasting Company (BBC) began to surface. Radio has improved throughout the years to help us. Henirich Hertz was a German physicist, who died at age 37 from food poisoning and he was the first to prove that it could transmit and receive electric waves wirelessly. Fun fact is that every building block of radio and every frequency measurement is named after him (the Hertz). Edwin Armstrong createdRead MoreTelevision Does Not Burn Our Minds941 Words   |  4 PagesWhen people generally think of television, most may assume it rots the mind. Freelance writer Rachel Krantz not only believes that TV is not useful for your mind, it â€Å"may kill you, decrease your chances of having kids, ruin the ones you do have, and possibly turn you violent.† Could any of this have happened to me as I was bi nge-watching The Simpsons from seasons one to eight during the summer? I initially thought that this show was prone to dumb me down as I did this, but instead it enlightened

An Ultimate Learning Environment Essay Example For Students

An Ultimate Learning Environment Essay Being young adults, we will someday be the future leaders in this world. It will be our responsibility to design an education system that will bridge right and left brain learning in order to realize the full spectrum of human potential that looms enticingly before us. (Margaret Hatcher, Whole Brain Learning.) The full potential of the human brain is now within reach. To develop our brain to this potential is the greatest challenge for educators. Our class formed several groups that designed schools to implement whole brain learning by developing the schools physical environment, curriculum, personnel, and assessment. What did the students put in the school that would help achieve whole brain learning?THE TASKWorking in small groups one aspect of a school was to be fully designed. The area developed is for a specific age group or grade level. The research findings in Margaret Hatchers, Whole Brain Learning were used in support of why their schools would achieve the ultimate learning environment. All of the following aspects were to be considered. ? PhysicalBuildings and facilities, geographical location, classrooms? CurriculumWhat is taught, why, and how? PersonnelStaff, students, community support? AssessmentGoals, student and staff evaluationAfter all the research was done, an oral report was presented in front of the class using appropriate visual materials. The presentation was not to exceed twenty minutes. All group members were to be fully involved in the presentation. OBSERVATIONSIn this class there were a total of six schools presented. Each school had its own unique features and had its own area of specialization. The majority dealt with secondary school education. ? 3 schools dealt with the science departments. e.g. (Chemistry, Biology, Marine Biology, Physics, and Astronomy)? 1 school was devoted to Kindergarten students? 1 school focused on Physical EducationRight and Left Brain FunctionsThe groups dealing with science departments focused on left brain functions. These subjects require number skills, reasoning, sequential thinking, and convergent problem solving.The remaining schools emphasized right brain functions. They dealt with the creative and imaginative instincts of the students. In order to accomplish these tasks students were able to use computers. Computers allow the students access to unlimited amounts of information from all over the world. As a result learning of all students from the very brightest to the slowest would improve drastically. Computers could even function in schools as private tutors. The use of this technology could also relieve the teachers of many time consuming chores that now burden their lives. Discovery and experimental programs were a big part of these schools. In the sciences it is essential for students to have hands on experience (learning by doing). Too much theory will make students lose interest. As a result more practical labs will be put into the curriculum. A good example of this is called Problem-based learning where the emphasis is on problem solving proficiency, self-directed learning strategies, and team participation skills. Smaller classes would allow students to respond to more personal attention. Students would be allowed to get to know each other better. This will lead the students to be better team players, an essential skill out in the real world. One school provided students with a full meal plan that dealt with only healthy foods. These foods would help stimulate the students mind, keeping them refreshed and active throughout the day. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSThis activity made it clear that it isnt as easy as it looks to design a school to achieve whole brain learning. The Curriculum and physical environment well done. Each group had visual depictions of the buildings and facilities of their school. It was found that students lacked research on two parts of the project. These parts were the personnel and assessment. Very little was said about how teachers would evaluate students. For future assignments, more emphasis should be placed on the curriculum and assessment areas. Synetics, Multi-Sensory / Discovery / Experimental learning techniques, and Divergent and Creative Thinking Techniques should have had more influence on group decisions. Students must realize the value of emotions in learning and how to apply their education to real life situations.

Paper#1 Metaphysics Essays - Ballinger, , Term Papers

[Sarah Ballinger]Core Paper #1: Intellectual Caves[King] In the movie "The Truman Show", the main character Truman is living a life in which all of his experiences are simulated, but he believes that he lives in the real world. This resembles what the prisoners went through in "The Myth of the Cave", when they were stuck in chains and could only see the shadows on the wall. The puppet masters outside of the cave decide what the prisoners see and hear, thus they can create an entire alternate reality. Truman's reality is also staged for him by the directors of the show. Both Truman and the prisoners are presented with a reality, and they have no reason not to believe in this theatrical world. When released from these intellectual caves, they cannot discern what is real since their sense of reality is faulty. Everything in Truman's life was made up such as his job, where he lived, his friends, and his relationships. Truman believes that he is in control of his own life. This makes a big difference in his life because in his reality everyt hing works perfectly, which is usually not the case in the real world. Because of this, Truman would not know how to deal with tough situations that occur in the real world. Most of my childhood I spent a lot of time at my grandparents' house, since both of my parents had full-time jobs. When I was around 6 years old, my grandmother told my brother and I to run away if we see a spider. She told us that if a spider touches our skin, it will bite us and there would be nothing she could do to save us. This terrified me, and for good reason! I believed everything my grandma told me, so I had no reason not to believe what she had told me. From this moment on I was scared of spiders, and I stayed far away from them for years due to this reality I believed. I wouldn't say that these perceptions were necessarily appealing, but they were easy to believe for a few reasons. One reason was at my age, I believed almost anything my parents and grandparents told me. Also, I had never had an encounter with a spider that bit me, so I had no proof to discount what I believed to be true. The moment I began to doubt this perception was when my dad had gotten bit by a spider . I was so upset and I cried to my dad, explaining to him what was going to happen. He laughed and told me that it wasn't true, he said he would be perfectly fine, and he was. At this point I had to try and discern the truth. I was confused because I had believed this to be true for years, and now this view of reality was proved false. Even though I know now that this story I was told about spiders is untrue, I still today carry an excessive fear of spiders. This makes me question if once we escape an intellectual cave, if we still carry parts of that alternate reality. The world we live in can sometimes deceive us of the truth. We as humans often choose to believe what we wish, instead of what is true. Such as the great thinker Plato believes in the world of the forms, and often dismisses the physical world. It is easy to follow Plato's idea of reality, because it cannot be proven wrong with solid evidence. In that reality, no one can prove its true or untrue, and so it can seem much more appealing. Thus, we must question everything we believe in, because questioning our beliefs is how we discover the truth. Plato entrusts reason, but it can occasionally be difficult to reason through the truth. He says to be weary of material objects, telling us that they are not real and are merely copies of the real thing. He says that the spirit is valid, but how can we prove something is reality if there is no reason or confirmation to believe in it? Discovering the truth will make us better, more intellectually diverse

A View from the Bridge Essays

A View from the Bridge Essays A View from the Bridge Essay A View from the Bridge Essay Eddie betrays his family our of his sexual desire for Catherine, but he wont acknowledge it as he may be afraid to if hes afraid of his sexuality then he isnt going to attempt to reveal to himself any other hidden cravings. The guy aint right . He accuses Rodolpho of being homosexual, hinting it many times to prove to Catherine that he isnt man enough for her. This suggests that she should stay a child, who should admire him immensely. Readers can see he is a very strong willed and protective person. Its almost as if Eddies hidden feelings are becoming open to not only the readers, but other characters. He becomes envious of Rodolpho. Rodolpho triggers Eddies secret feelings to express. His feelings may not change (but develop), but his beliefs do. Hes so determined to stop the marriage that he begins to believe that calling the Immigration Bureau will have no repercussions. Morally and legally you have no rights, you cannot stop t; she is a free agent. His desire for Catherine destroys him as the play progresses. He grows jealous, which leads him to become blind to his own beliefs. It is now clear to the audience that the simple family roles they once had, have now been disrupted. Pack it up. Go ahead. Get your stuff and get outta here; these directions from Eddie result in Catherine choosing Rodolfo over Eddie, CATHERINE turns instantly and walks towards the bedroom. Her decisive actions show how her alliance is now with Rodolfo, again showing how Eddie is rapidly losing authority and his status in the home, and also how the respect Eddie had at the beginning of the play has been lost. EDDIE grabs her arm, this movement represents how Eddie cant let go of Catherine and let her grow up. The reason for this is the flaw in his character; his attraction to Catherine. This is another example of tragedy and the common man, the protagonists life is beginning to fall apart and he is losing those close to him. It also shows how Eddie has lost his status in the family, at the beginning of the play, Catherine wouldnt have dared to stand up to him or even turn her back on what he wants. This emphasises Millers idea of the family being a very unstable thing, little actions and events can easily upset the balance of the home. Following this is a dramatic outburst from Catherine in which she shows how she is finally growing up and letting go, Her sobs of pity and love for him break her composure. This evokes emotion in the audience and allows them to empathise both with Eddie and Catherine. Millers technique of forcing the audience to feel sorry for Eddie conveys the essence of tragedy, as Eddie is ultimately a victim of his own mind; it is the flaw in him that is rapidly causing his downfall. He reaches out suddenly, draws her to him, and as she strives to free herself he kisses her on the mouth, Eddie gets so worked up and upset by the situation, that his true feelings finally become exposed. This dramatic climax puts a halt to everything on stage, cutting through Catherines outburst. It confirms the suspicions the audience has had all along about Eddies feelings for Catherine, and this unexpected event will raise the tension in the audience dramatically. This one desperate act by Eddie truly symbolises the breakdown of the family unit and continues his downfall; there is no going back now. He goes out of the apartment, Eddie then leaves, as if he has lost his territory completely. During Eddies conversation with Alfieri, A phone booth begins to glow on the opposite side of the stage; a faint, lonely blue. This relates back to the beginning of the play, where we are told that This is not used until the last scenes.. . The appearance of the phone booth now is somewhat ominous, showing how the outside world is going to become involved in this family dishevelment. It also suggests that the family breakdown is soon going to reach a climax; a desperate act will take place that may change lives. The telephone booth is a lonely blue, which could represent how Eddie will be lonely after doing what he wants to do. Eddie has at the same time appeared beside the phone, tension in the audience is high, as we are willing Eddie not to betray his family even more, but we are powerless to do so. After Eddies betrayal of the cousins, Beatrice is taking down Christmas decorations and putting them in a box. This highlights how the typical family we knew at the beginning is now no more. The action can represent the end of childhood for Catherine, she is now being forced to grow up; and also the total breakdown of the family unit. It is as if the once happy Carbone family has now been put away into a box. A View from the Bridge presents the family as an unstable unit that can easily succumb to change. The change here is caused by the protagonist, Eddie, whose faults lie both in liking his niece Catherine, and his ability to allow himself to be purely known. Eddie stood up for what he believed in and didnt make compromises, which in turn led to his downfall. His family was affected directly here, the balance of things was upset. Miller explored how tragedy is not just an event that occurs in kingdoms and important dwellings, but how it can easily take place within a normal Italian immigrant family. tragedy and the common man also accounts for tragedy and the common family and the audience are shown how there is great potential for tragedy within the domestic home.

Overgeneralization Definition and Examples

Overgeneralization Definition and Examples In linguistics, overgeneralization is the application of a grammatical rule in cases where it doesnt apply. The term overgeneralization is most often used in connection with language acquisition by children. For example, a young child may say foots instead of feet, overgeneralizing the morphological rule for making plural nouns. Examples and Observations If I knowed the last bug I eated would be the last bug I eated, I woulda eated it slower, Phil said sadly.(Cathy East Dubowski, Rugrats Go Wild. Simon Spotlight, 2003)Im not scared of Dan, Mama, he was nice to me. He gived me drinks of water, and covered me up with his coat. and when he goed away, he said a prayer at me.(Anne Hassett, The Sojourn. Trafford, 2009)Most of you have probably heard a child say a word that you would never say. For example, children acquiring English routinely produce verbs like bringed and goed or nouns like mouses  and foots, and they certainly havent learned these forms from the adults around them. So they arent imitating adult speech, but they are figuring out grammatical rules, in this case the way to form past tense verbs and plural nouns. This process of figuring out a grammatical rule and applying it generally is called overgeneralization. They will later modify their natural rules of past tense and plural formation to accommodate the exceptions, including brought, went, mice, and feet. And moreover, theyll modify their language only when theyre good and ready.(Kristin Denham and Anne Lobeck, Linguistics for Everyone: An Introduction. Wadsworth, 2010) Three Phases of Overgeneralization [C]hildren overgeneralize in the early phases of acquisition, meaning that they apply the regular rules of grammar to irregular nouns and verbs. Overgeneralization leads to forms which we sometimes hear in the speech of young children such as goed, eated, foots, and fishes. This process is often described as consisting of three phases: Phase 1: The child uses the correct past tense of go, for instance, but does not relate this past-tense went to present-tense go. Rather, went is treated as a separate lexical item.Phase 2: The child constructs a rule for forming the past tense and begins to overgeneralize this rule to irregular forms such as go (resulting in forms such as goed).Phase 3: The child learns that there are (many) exceptions to this rule and acquires the ability to apply this rule selectively. Note that from the observers or parents perspectives, this development is U-shapedthat is, children can appear to be decreasing rather than increasing in their accuracy of past-tense use as they enter phase 2. However, this apparent back-sliding is an important sign of linguistic development.(Kendall A. King, Child Language Acquisition. An Introduction to Language and Linguistics, ed. by Ralph Fasold and Jeff Connor-Linton. Cambridge University Press, 2006) A Childs Inborn Capacity for Learning Language Several observations . . . have led to the assumption by many, including linguists Noam Chomsky (1957) and Steven Pinker (1994), that human beings have an inborn capacity for learning language. No human culture on earth exists without language. Language acquisition follows a common course, regardless of the native language being learned. Whether a child is exposed to English or Cantonese, similar language structures appear at just about the same point in development. For example, children all over the world go through a stage in which they overapply language rules. Instead of saying, She went to the store, the child will say She goed to the store. Eventually, the older child will switch to the correct forms, long before any formal instruction. (John T. Cacioppo and Laura A. Freberg, Discovering Psychology: The Science of Mind. Wadsworth, 2013)

Discussions, Findings, Recommendations, Conclusion Assignment

Discussions, Findings, Recommendations, Conclusion - Assignment Example This is the reason as to why HCT as an organisation must strive to ensure that there is an articulate and rigorous criterion of recruiting, hiring or firing of the employees. It goes without saying or mentioning that the amount or type or creativity given by a tutor is directly dependent and related to the acumen or quality of the hiring officers. For instance, if the human resource department of an organisation does not consider merit and quality in hiring of people, then the direct output of the hired people would also be relatively less (Huselid, 1997). Secondly, the age of the hired people or staff must be favorable in the sense that the hired people must be able to serve the organisation for a long period of time before they retire or resign. In other words, the staff hired ought to be young, trainable and flexible to the changing demands and requirements of technology. Intuitively, the strategies implemented and fronted by the human resource department must be favorable and sufficient enough to accommodate the long run aim for HCT (about 2015). For instance, the employees being recruited ought to be well versed and equipped with technological skills and acumen since the world today has revolutionized along technology and all the happenings in the society must centered on. Intuitively, if the staff or employees hired are technologically aware, they would extend that skill and talent to the student who would be more productive to the society. In simple terms this refers to the fact that the students who would come from HCT would exhibit a higher level of productivity since they would be equipped by the necessary and requisite skills of technology which are relevant in the society. Accordingly, the working relationship between the students, support staff and the teaching staff must be favorable and good so as to allow for free flow of ideas. This is to say that the human resource

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management Essay

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management - Essay Example It is the detailed report of how, when, where, who and why of a business. â€Å"In most cases, a business plan is created to explain and illustrate the vision you have for your business, and to persuade others to help you achieve that vision.† (Bellissim, 2003) Topfer (2011) states that starting a business without enough planning is like setting a journey without deciding on the destination. In most cases, small businesses simply ignore the process of business planning. Time is one of the main restricting factors that make them do so. But irrespective of the size of the business, it is always beneficial to have a clearly charted out plan. Business plans are required not only for planning the future of the business but also for the availing financing options. All financial institutions assist with the capital requirement of the company only after a careful study of the prospects of the business. Such an analysis is possible only with the help of a detailed business plan.  "The great thing about a  business  plan  is that it can provide a reference point for you to return to at any point during the project.† (Topfer, 2011) This paper will critically analyse the steps involved in a business plan. Each stage is critically analysed in terms of what should be included in each step. Also, the contribution of each step to the overall plan is dealt in detail. The intention of the assignment is to develop a clear understanding of the requirements for setting up and running a successful business venture. Charting out the plan may sound easier but it requires a proper understanding of the prospective business and the prevailing market conditions. Elements Idea Generation: Idea generation is the first and foremost step in a business plan. Idea generation can be defined as â€Å"the  process  of creating, developing, and communicating ideas  which are  abstract,  concrete, or visual. The process includes the process of constructing through the idea, innovating the  concept, developing the process, and bringing the concept to reality.† (Business Dictionary, 2011) Idea generation is in fact a raw process. The process involves generation of multiple ideas in the minds of the prospective entrepreneur. The person may screen and reach at a more favourable idea. Such ideas are generally in a raw format without much technical analysis being done on it. Idea generation is very important because idea is the stone that is being polished at the various stages of a business plan. An idea arises mostly from the personal interests of the entrepreneur. It will be something that is related to the behavioural and professional nature of the entrepreneur. For instance a medical professional might develop an idea for surgical equipment retailing, a good cook might think of opening a restaurant and the like. It is always better to carry out an idea that interests us most. It is as good as a business firm diversifying into a related product line. If we are familiar with the idea, it is easier for us to manage it. Therefore, the first question an aspiring entrepreneur should ask is what interests them most and is there an opportunity lying in the market for the same. This thought can give rise to more specific ideas. Strategic Objectives: Strategic objectives or just objectives refer to the purposes of carrying out the business. It is the major goals of the business. It is the focal point of all the activities of the business. The strategic objectives of a business are usually encompassed in the terms Vision and Mission. Vision is the purpose and Mission is the action to be taken to achieve the purpose. â€Å"Most of strategic objectives are directed toward generating greater profits and returns for the owners of the business, others are directed at customers

Toyota Logistics Essay Example for Free

Toyota Logistics Essay Logistics and facility costs incurred within a supply chain change as the number of facilities, their location, and capacity allocation is changed. Companies must consider inventory, transportation, and facility costs when designing their supply chain networks. Inventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain increase. Transportation costs decrease as the number of facilities is increased. If the number of facilities increases to a point where inbound. Economies of scale are lost, then transportation cost increase. The goal when designing a supply chain network is to maximize the firms profits while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness. Toyota cares are priced differently in different country. Car cost remain the same across the world but the tax and transportation cost differ in different country. Toyota need to minimize their transportation cost by efficient plant. They have joint venture in India, they have also have plant in Thailand and Indonesia. They don’t need this all three plant, this plants increasing their cost. As this countries distance are less and transportation facilities are good. They can build a plant in India and shutdown the others. Toyota can shut down their plant in Portugal, they can cover that country from Frances plant. Toyota can cover Mexico and Brazil market by holding their plant in Colombo. Colombo is middle of this two country, and Mexico don’t need any plant, the plant of USA can easily transport the products and Brazil or Portugal any one from this two country can shutdown and remain the other.

Free College Admissions Essays: FBI Agent :: College Admissions Essays

FBI Agent In all respect I've always had a fascination with becoming an F.B.I. agent. As my interest grow during my educational progression, I'm learning how my personal attributes with help me in my given field. First of is the size of my physical build, which I believe will help me with any possible altercation I my encounter. My positive attitude toward life will also be helpful. I also have a good decision making skills, with out letting let and kind of prejudice entering my mind. The reason I am so positive about this is I've had such a variety of friends. I've had friends of different races, ethnic background, and religious beliefs. I've also have a vary strong emotional barrier due to all the tragedy I've gone though in my life. I've lost three of my closet friends in the last four years. Through all those years I was the person who was strong to help my entire friends threw our losses. When I get into the field all the knowledge I've acquired in my education will in all intent be usel ess. How do I know this you ask? Several people I know in several justice fields have told me that the real education comes in the field. Their have several movies such as "The Siege", Silence of the Lambs" witch have inspired me to follow in this possible life style. The T.V. show cops is the most instamental to me, due to the way they always explain how to dissolve every encounter, and what would happen to the perpetrator. These movies and T.V. shows give a positive outlook on my possible life in handling these issues. I would not leave out the possibility of becoming a scout leader. The reason I think I could handle this job is because I've always had an attraction to teaching children. I have been babysitting children for seven years, for my next-door neighbors and my aunt. Any other person besides their parents or me could always never control the three boys next door. Then there are my two cousins who were both girls. I always loved watching children; I just get along with the m so well. I believe I could make a difference in their lives. Free College Admissions Essays: FBI Agent :: College Admissions Essays FBI Agent In all respect I've always had a fascination with becoming an F.B.I. agent. As my interest grow during my educational progression, I'm learning how my personal attributes with help me in my given field. First of is the size of my physical build, which I believe will help me with any possible altercation I my encounter. My positive attitude toward life will also be helpful. I also have a good decision making skills, with out letting let and kind of prejudice entering my mind. The reason I am so positive about this is I've had such a variety of friends. I've had friends of different races, ethnic background, and religious beliefs. I've also have a vary strong emotional barrier due to all the tragedy I've gone though in my life. I've lost three of my closet friends in the last four years. Through all those years I was the person who was strong to help my entire friends threw our losses. When I get into the field all the knowledge I've acquired in my education will in all intent be usel ess. How do I know this you ask? Several people I know in several justice fields have told me that the real education comes in the field. Their have several movies such as "The Siege", Silence of the Lambs" witch have inspired me to follow in this possible life style. The T.V. show cops is the most instamental to me, due to the way they always explain how to dissolve every encounter, and what would happen to the perpetrator. These movies and T.V. shows give a positive outlook on my possible life in handling these issues. I would not leave out the possibility of becoming a scout leader. The reason I think I could handle this job is because I've always had an attraction to teaching children. I have been babysitting children for seven years, for my next-door neighbors and my aunt. Any other person besides their parents or me could always never control the three boys next door. Then there are my two cousins who were both girls. I always loved watching children; I just get along with the m so well. I believe I could make a difference in their lives.

The New Deal

Before the 1932 election, Roosevelt had promised the people of America a ‘New Deal' that would help them to recover the effects of the Great Depression. It had lasted four long years, and had caused suffering for the American people. When Roosevelt had taken office as the President Of The United States in 1933 he put the New Deal into order. The New Deal took action to bring about immediate economic relief in areas such as industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labour and housing. The aims that Roosevelt wanted to achieve with his New Deal was firstly to spend billions of dollars on creating jobs to be of use for the thousands unemployed in America, due to the depression. Another aim of Roosevelt's was to rebuild trade and industry in as many companies and businesses as possible to get the American Economy up and running once again. His final aim was to improve the lives of the ordinary Americans. To help them to acquire a fair and well-paid job to look after their families and to have an overall, better quality of life. In his first one hundred days of presidency, Roosevelt introduced his first New Deal, and established a host of Alphabet Agencies. They were so named, for their abbreviations. The first of his New Deal programs was the Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA). This was approved on the 12th May 1933. Although the act extended federal participation in relief for more than two years, it then decided to change the nature of its funding. This was from loans to direct grants for the use of several States. FERA was also supportive of nearly five million households each month and funded thousands of work projects for the unemployed. It also provided vaccinations and literacy classes for the millions of poor and uneducated population. The aims that had been achieved by Roosevelt with the FERA was that money had been spent creating jobs, and that many lives had been improved as they had, on some cases learnt to read and write and most men had received a job due to the work projects. The Emergency Banking Act was close to one of first things that Roosevelt introduced. It was responsible for closing down weak banks and paying the strong ones to stay open and carry on with business. Trade and industry was the only aim achieved by Roosevelt with this alphabet agency. It had rebuilt that banking world which seemed to be the centre of all industries, as money is needed and stored by the bank itself. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), ran by Harry Hopkins, was introduced as an alphabet agency. This was because of previous years of extensive flooding in the many states surrounding the Tennessee River, which caused all the good and rich soil to be washed away with the river water. This was a major problem, as crops could never be grown for food in such dreadful conditions. Roosevelt solved this problem by means of hiring unemployed men to build dams and reservoirs, to prevent soil erosion and to encourage irrigation, which helped to moisten the dry and hard soil to be able to grow crops for food. The aims achieved by the TVA were that money was spent on the jobs created to build the dams and reservoirs for the unemployed, and that lives of ordinary Americans were made a lot better as floods would no longer occur, destroying their food. The Civil Works Administration (CWA) was an agency used to build structures that the public would benefit from such as a bridge, road, school, hospital or library. Roosevelt gave the unemployed the job of doing this. The aims that Roosevelt achieved with the CWA was that money was being spent on creating jobs, again because of the unemployment situation being reduced as men were building things of a public use. This is why the lives of ordinary Americans were improved due to the new buildings available for them to seek medical help or for an educational purpose. The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was completed by major industries that joined the program promising to be fair in their businesses, and not to take advantage of the staff and buyers. Things such as prices being at a reasonable amount, and wages being of a fair price as well. In exchange for this, Roosevelt allowed the industries the opportunity to display the symbol of the Blue Eagle on the manufactured goods that they produced. Also including posters and vehicles. Anything to do with the industry involved with the NRA. The Blue Eagle symbolized to the American people that they had joined forces with the president to help with the success of the New Deal and to help America achieve a better standard of life. The aims that Roosevelt had led to success were that trade and industry was rebuilt due to the public buying their products, allowing money to be made by themselves. The quality of the American life had increased as well. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) was created in 1934 to serve as a federal ‘watchdog' administrative agency to protect the public and private investors from stock market fraud, deception and insider manipulation on Wall Street. The SEC is still in existence today, (its reputation was flawed a bit by the Enron collapse in 2001-02) The aims of this were to improve the lives of Americans by protecting them from things that could potentially damage their lifestyle or business. The CCC, PWA, AAA and the NYA and WPA of the second new deal grew as the agencies pumped increasing amounts of money into the economy. Roosevelt had many opponents to his New Deal programs but not even the angriest of them had much to say against the good work initiated by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). It was not only one of the first organizations to begin operation, but was also one of the most successful. Its major role was to pay the town dwellers to move to the country and help the people there. It also provided financial support and helped implement conservation projects. In its nine years of existence, it put twenty five million young men to work planting two hundred million trees, digging drainage ditches, building firebreaks, clearing campgrounds and building reservoirs. This great effort of conservation and reforestation benefited not only the nation, but also the men themselves. The average enlistment for an employee in one of these camps was ten months. The CCC had many camps in the El Paso area, including those in Fabens, Ascarate, Ysleta and Elephant Butte in New Mexico. CCC workers completed major improvements at Elephant Butte. Including the planting of four thousand, five hundred trees and building a clubhouse. Campsites, cabins and a playground. They also widened and straightened roads around the dam and built several new stretches of roads. The aims achieved by the CCC were that money up to sums of millions of dollars were being spent to get young, healthy men to work with the CCC to be involved in reforestation and conservation of the country. Also the lives of ordinary Americans were being improved by the effort in improving the countryside to make it a better, healthier and more enjoyable area to live. People would be able to use or enjoy the things that had been made or built such as the forest. The Public Works Administration (PWA) was established by the NIRA in 1933. It was intended both for industrial recovery and unemployment relief. Eventually over four billion dollars was spent on thirty four, thousand construction projects including things such as public buildings, highways, bridges or dams for water and power. The aims that Roosevelt managed to make happen with the PWA were the first one of spending money to create jobs for building, and improving the lives of ordinary Americans as they could make use of the things built. The Agricultural Adjustment Acts (AAA) was an agent whose job it was to pay farmers to produce less by not using their land. This was because of the farmers already producing too much, which was part of the overproduction of the Great Depression. Roosevelt promised to pay the farmers, in exchange for them leaving some of their own fields alone. This was so that the prices of goods would remain steady. The AAA attempted to raise prices by controlling production of major crops through cash subsidies to farmers. In 1934, the AAA paid the El Paso County Cotton Committee three point five million dollars for their cotton crops, by the AAA. This included over two hundred, thousand dollars in rental payments for land that was taken out of their production. The aim Roosevelt managed to achieve here, was that trade began to rebuild itself. Because the prices remained steady, the businesses were able to get on with their work and make steady progress each day. By 1935 Roosevelt's New Deal had ran into serious difficulties. It was decided that some of the Alphabet Agencies were unconstitutional and Trade Unions were organizing strikes to complain about low wages. Instead of giving up, Roosevelt introduced new laws to replace the ones that the Supreme Court had ruled illegal. These became known as the Second New Deal. It was aimed at improving the social welfare, such as wages and employees. Compared to the first new deal that was aimed at the local, and ordinary Americans and improving their lives, and the businesses and industries in America. The Works Progress Administration (WPA) replaced the CWA. By 1935, local residents felt the ever-increasing art collection at Springville High School, needed a larger facility for its' preservation and display. Nebo School District donated a lot, the city if Springville donated approximately twenty-nine, thousand dollars in equipment and materials, the LD's Church donated twenty, thousand dollars or more, and the federal government, through the WPA spent fifty-four, thousand dollars on the project. Work began on 23rd November 1935, where the WPA was responsible for the manufacturing of the tile for the museum. The work was complete under the direction of Virgil Hafen, a local artist. Although most of the alphabet agencies were organised for temporary solutions to relieve problems, the agencies permanently broadened federal interest and involvement. The aims achieved by the WPA were all of them. The first being money spent on creating jobs, with the same reason as the CWA, jobs were being created in reorganising and moving the art work. The trade and industry was being rebuilt, as the artwork would be in a much better condition to view and maybe sell. And the lives of Americans were improving due to the wages given so they could afford food and drink to have a better quality of life. The National Youth Administration (NYA) was created under the emergency relief act of 1935. It provided more than four point five million jobs for young people. Therefore, the aim achieved here was the first; millions of jobs were available for young people of America, which meant their life was improving due to the help that their wages could give them. The Wagner Act replaced the NRA which the Supreme Court had ruled illegal. This new law gave workers the right to join Trade Unions so that they could work together to improve working conditions and pay. Employers were now banned from stopping workers joining Trade Unions and a National Labour Relations Board was set up to make sure the employers obeyed. Unlike it was before 1935, when it was illegal to join a union. The aim achieved here was that lives were improved of Americans. It gave them the opportunity to have a say in what they are entitled to in regards to the work place, and discuss what a fair wage would be for them to earn. The Social Security Act (SSA) was responsible for allowing workers to pay into a fund to receive benefits at a later date when they were out of work. It also provided the use of a public assistance program for dependant mothers, children and the physically disabled, and an unemployment benefit. The aim achieved by the SSA was the third of Roosevelt's original aims. Improving American lives due to the benefits they were getting, especially the unemployed, and the sick. The Rural Electrification Administration lent money to farmers so they could electrify their farming equipment and farm itself. The aims fulfilled by this, were that trade was rebuilt, because of the better quality farms. This would mean better products would be made. Ordinary American lives would also have been improved like the farmers. They would be working in better conditions, and probably making more money because of it. Finally, money was spent to make jobs in the farm. There was also the Farm Security Administration (FSA). This was used to set up temporary housing for ‘Okies' and ‘Arkies' who were refugees from Oklahoma and Arkansas, who migrated to California in hope of finding work. The aim was to provide a better quality of life for these American people in giving them houses to live in. They were given the opportunity to find a job themselves whilst living a temporary but stable condition. The Fair Labours Act provided the last major piece, of the New Deal legislation in 1938. This important labour law set minimum wage (twenty five cents an hour) and a maximum standard (establishing the forty hour work week). It also severely curbed the use if child labour. Finally, the aims that Roosevelt achieved with this alphabet agency of the Second New Deal were trade and industry being rebuilt, as a standard for wages was set, leaving all businesses with a fair and economical wage for all their employees. And, lives of the Americans were improved because no one working could be cheated in their job of what wage to get. Everyone would be treated as an equal in the work place. The New Deal Illegal Immigration Differing Perspectives Paper Brittany M. Coiana Critical Thinking and Reading Linda Sheffield March 20, 2013 Should the U. S military patrol the boarders? In my opinion I think the military should patrol the boarders. There are many reasons I could think why they should, but I’m going to give you my two most important ones. My first reason why the U. S military should patrol the boarders is to stop the illegal aliens’ from crossing over and causing taxpayers to pay money they shouldn’t.Our prison system is over flowing with illegal immigrants and costing us as tax payers to much money to keep them in there. Some are in for drug charges and some are in for murders that could have been permitted if we had a handle on our border patrol. According to The Federation for American Immigration Reform, in an article entitled â€Å"Criminal Aliens† stated: â€Å"Over the past five years, an average of more than 72,000 aliens have been arrested a nnually on drug charges alone. Among the alien federal prisoners, over half (55 percent) were illegally in the United States at the time of their conviction. (www. immigration. procon. org) Another reason I feel the U. S military should patrol is because it could save lives. We have many in our prison system for the murder of our people, but what about the illegal aliens that are getting killed in car wrecks, getting killed by our border officers and being killed because they can’t make it through due to weather, starvation or even dehydration. According to NBC news, in an article entitled â€Å"Deadly crossing: Death toll rises among those desperate for the American Dream† stated: â€Å"Crossing the U. S. Mexico border illegally has always been dangerous, but this year heat and drought have made the journey particularly deadly. † (www. openchannel. nbcnews. com) I think the U. S military would be a great step towards controlling our border. Not only will this s ave on taxes but also save lives. I think Illegal aliens shouldn’t have access to social services such as health care and Medicaid because they are not Americans and they don’t pay taxes. Many Americans can’t even get on social services or qualify for Medicaid. America has a high rate of low income families and some that are just so poor.Some of these Americans can’t even qualify. Having illegal immigrants on top of all that just isn’t fair for the true blood Americans. The following results for the nation were compiled from information collected in the 2012 Current Population Survey & Annual Social and Economic Supplement: â€Å"The U. S. Census Bureau announced today that in 2011, median household income declined, the poverty rate was not statistically different from the previous year and the percentage of people without health insurance coverage decreased. Real median household income in the United States in 2011 was $50,054, a 1. percent decli ne from the 2010 median and the second consecutive annual drop. † (www. census. gov) Most of the illegal immigrants don’t even pay taxes. So we as tax payers are paying for people that shouldn’t even be here. We Americans pay our taxes to live on the land we were born on. Now we are being over taken by a race that is illegal and doesn’t even help pay for the land they now live on. â€Å"The High Cost of Cheap Labor: Illegal Immigration and the Federal Budget,† wrote by Steven A. Camarota stated: â€Å"Illegal’s Create Large Net Costs†¦.When defense spending is not considered, illegal households are estimated to impose costs on the federal treasury of $6,949 a year or 58 percent of what other households received. † (www. immigration. procon. org) So I believe Turn born Americans should be the only ones to receive social services and Medicaid. This will help out our fellow Americans and give to the people that really need the help i n these areas. I really didn’t know much about sanctuary cities until I did my research. I will give both sides of the issue. Should U. S. government ban sanctuary cities?Yes they should so that many states can get money back in to their government and in to schools. Banning these cities would also slow down the crime rate in those states. According to Tina Griego, journalist for the Denver Rocky Mountain News wrote a column titled, â€Å"Mexican visitor's lament† stated: Colorado would save more than $20 million surrounded by prison costs, and the terror that those 7,300 alien criminals set upon local citizens. † (immigrationready. com) But on the other hand I also say no, if we were to take out these cities the state could lose out on a lot of income.Company’s would lose customers and end up losing or going bankrupt. So taking out these cities could put a big dent on a lot of income that state could make. According to The Washington Post, in an article e ntitled â€Å"Do immigrants help the economy? † by Spencer S. Hsu, said: â€Å"The U. S. has benefited greatly over the years from the ’brain gain’ of immigration,† said author Darrell M. West. † (www. voices. washingtonpost. com) So, as you can see they are many sides to this issue in the U. S. and for as me I’m still undecided on which side to go for.This nation could benefit from those cities and this nation could also not benefit from them. As Americans we vote for the president and hope he makes the right decisions for our country. As a result of this project I have learned that the U. S military should patrol the borders because after reading the article â€Å"Criminal Aliens† by The Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), I found out how much American taxpayers pay in each year for illegal immigrants to stay in our prison system. If we could get the military over to our border it could save us taxpayers a lot of money in the long run.I also have learned that not allowing illegal immigrants the privilege to have access to our social services and Medicaid because we as Americans pay our taxes and we earn our privilege to get these offers. This will also save the American people from paying so much and getting so little. According to Steven A. Camarota, in his article â€Å"The High Cost of Cheap Labor: Illegal Immigration and the Federal Budget† I also learned about a new problem in our country, sanctuary cities. I’ve learned there are two sides of this issue and it’s hard for me to decide which side to choose.We as Americans can benefit from both sides of this issue. I think illegal immigration is a big concern for the U. S. because by stopping certain things could save this country a lot of money. Work Cited â€Å"Are Illegal Aliens Paying Their â€Å"fair Share† of Taxes? – Illegal Immigration – ProCon. org. † Are Illegal Aliens Paying Their â₠¬Å"fair Share† of Taxes? – Illegal Immigration – ProCon. org. N. p. , n. d. Web. 9 Mar. 2013. ;http://immigration. procon. org/view. answers. php? questionID=000789;. â€Å"Deadly Crossing: Death Toll Rises among Those Desperate for the American Dream. † NBC News. N. p. , n. d. Web. 9 Mar. 2013.

Mobile Phones Essay

â€Å"Cell Phone† redirects here. For the film, see Cell Phone (film). For the Handphone film, see Handphone (film). The Qualcomm QCP-2700, a mid-1990s candybar style phone, and an iPhone 5, a current production smartphone. A mobile phone is a device that can make and receive telephone calls over aradio link while moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short range of a single, private base station. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications, business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that offer these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones. The first hand-held mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell[1][2][3] and Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing around 2.2 pounds (1 kg).[4] In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first to be commercially available. From 1990 to 2011, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 6 billion, penetrating about 87% of the global population and reaching the bottom of the economic pyramid. ————————————————- History Main article: History of mobile phones An evolution of mobile phones Before the devices that are now referred to as mobile phones existed, there were some precursors. The development of mobile telephony began in 1918 with tests of wireless telephony on military trains between Berlin – Zossen.[9] In 1924 public trials started with telephone connection on trains between Berlin – Hamburg.[9] In 1925 Zugtelephonie A. G. is founded to supply train telephony equipment[9] and in 1926 telephone service in trains of theDeutsche Reichsbahn and imperial post on the route between Hamburg and Berlin is approved and used.[9] This phone service was only offered to 1st class travelers, but in 1918, some 5 years after the invention of Meissnerischen tube based transmitters, the German Reichsbahn in Berlin led experiments with telephony via radio. [10] The first mobile telephone calls were made from automobiles in 1946. The Bell System’s – Mobile Telephone Service – inaugural call was made on 17 June of that year in St. Louis, Missouri, followed by Illinois Bell Telephone Company’s car radiotelephone service in Chicago on 2 October. [11] The MTS phones were composed of vacuum tubes and relays, and weighed over 80 pounds (36 kg).[12][13] There were initially only 3 channels for all the users in the metropolitan area, increasing later to 32 channels across 3 bands. This service continued into the 1980s in large portions of North America. Due to the small number of radio frequencies available, the service quickly reached capacity. In 1956, the world’s first partly automatic car phone system, Mobile System A (MTA), was introduced in Sweden. John F. Mitchell, Motorola’s chief of portable communication products in 1973, played a key role in advancing the development of handheld mobile telephone equipment. Mitchell successfully pushed Motorola to develop wireless communication products that would be small enough to use anywhere and participated in the design of the cellular phone.[14][15] Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, was the key researcher on Mitchell’steam that developed the first hand-held mobile telephone for use on a cellular network.[16] Using a somewhat heavy portable handset, Cooper made the first call on a handheld mobile phone on 3 April 1973 to his rival, Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.[17][18] As I walked down the street while talking on the phone, sophisticated New Yorkers gaped at the sight of someone actually moving around while making a phone call. Remember that in 1973, there weren’t cordless telephones or cellular phones. I made numerous calls, including one where I crossed the street while talking to a New York radio reporter – probably one of the more dangerous things I have ever done in my life. —Martin Cooper, [19] The new invention sold for $3,995 and weighed two pounds, leading to the nickname â€Å"the brick†. The world’s first commercial automated cellular network was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979, initially in the metropolitan area of Tokyo. In 1981, this was followed by the simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.[20] Several countries then followed in the early to mid-1980s including the UK, Mexico and Canada. On 6 March 1983, the DynaTAc mobile phone launched on the first US 1G network by Ameritech. It cost $100m to develop, and took over a decade to reach the market.[21] The phone had a talk time of just half an hour and took ten hours to charge. Consumer demand was strong despite the battery life, weight, and low talk time, and waiting lists were in the thousands.[22][23] In 1991, the second generation (2G) cellular technology was launched in Finland by Radiolinja on the GSM standard, which sparked competition in the sector as the new operators challenged the incumbent 1G network operators. Ten years later, in 2001, the third generation (3G) was launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard.[24] This was followed by 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G enhancements based on thehigh-speed packet access (HSPA) family, allowing UMTS networks to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity. By 2009, it had become clear that, at some point, 3G networks would be overwhelmed by the growth of bandwidth-intensive applications like streaming media.[25] Consequently, the industry began looking to data-optimized 4th-generation technologies, with the promise of speed improvements up to 10-fold over existing 3G technologies. The first two commercially available technologies billed as 4G were the WiMAX standard (offered in the U.S. by Sprint) and the LTE standard, first offered in Scandinavia by TeliaSonera. ————————————————- Read more:  Uses and Abuses of Mobile Phone Essay Features Main article: Mobile phone features See also: Smartphone A printed circuit board inside a Nokia 3210 All mobile phones have a number of features in common, but manufacturers also try to differentiate their own products by implementing additional functions to make them more attractive to consumers. This has led to great innovation in mobile phone development over the past 20 years. The common components found on all phones are: * A battery, providing the power source for the phone functions. * An input mechanism to allow the user to interact with the phone. The most common input mechanism is a keypad, but touch screens are also found in some high-end smartphones. * Basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages. * All GSM phones use a SIM card to allow an account to be swapped among devices. Some CDMA devices also have a similar card called a R-UIM. Individual GSM, WCDMA, iDEN and some satellite phone devices are uniquely identified by an International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number. Low-end mobile phones are often referred to as feature phones, and offer basic telephony. Handsets with more advanced computing ability through the use of native software applications became known as smartphones. Several phone series have been introduced to address a given market segment, such as the RIM BlackBerry focusing on enterprise/corporate customer email needs; the Sony-Ericsson ‘Walkman’ series of music/phones and ‘Cybershot’ series of camera/phones; the Nokia Nseries of multimedia phones, the Palm Pre the HTC Dream and the Apple iPhone. Text messaging Main article: SMS The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging. The first SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993. The first mobile news service, delivered via SMS, was launched in Finland in 2000, and subsequently many organizations provided â€Å"on-demand† and â€Å"instant† news services by SMS. SIM card Main articles: Subscriber Identity Module and Removable User Identity Module Typical mobile phone SIM card GSM feature phones require a small microchip called a Subscriber Identity Module or SIM Card, to function. The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage stamp and is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit. The SIM securely stores the service-subscriber key (IMSI) and the Ki used to identify and authenticate the user of the mobile phone. The SIM card allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and inserting it into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device. The first SIM card was made in 1991 by Munich smart card maker Giesecke & Devrient for the Finnish wireless network operatorRadiolinja.[citation needed] In general Mobile phone subscribers per 100 inhabitants 1997–2007 A cellphone repair kiosk in Mumbai, India Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes, including keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Some people carry more than one cell phone for different purposes, such as for business and personal use. Multiple SIM cards may also be used to take advantage of the benefits of different calling plans—a particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-distance calls, international calls, or roaming. The mobile phone has also been used in a variety of diverse contexts in society, for example: * A study by Motorola found that one in ten cell phone subscribers have a second phone that often is kept secret from other family members. These phones may be used to engage in activities including extramarital affairs or clandestine business dealings.[38] * Some organizations assist victims of domestic violence by providing mobile phones for use in emergencies. They are often refurbished phones.[39] * The advent of widespread text messaging has resulted in the cell phone novel; the first literary genre to emerge from the cellular age via text messaging to a website that collects the novels as a whole.[40] * Mobile telephony also facilitates activism and public journalism being explored by Reuters and Yahoo![41] and small independent news companies such as Jasmine New in Sri Lanka. * The United Nations reported that mobile phones have spread faster than any other technology and can improve the livelihood of the poorest people in developing countries by providing access to information in places where landlines or the Internet are not available, especially in the least developed countries. Use of mobile phones also spawns a wealth of micro-enterprises, by providing work, such as selling airtime on the streets and repairing or refurbishing handsets.[42] * In Mali and other African countries, people used to travel from village to village to let friends and relatives know about weddings, births and other events, which are now avoided within mobile phone coverage areas, which is usually greater than land line penetration. * The TV industry has recently started using mobile phones to drive live TV viewing through mobile apps, advertising, social tv, and mobile TV.[43] 86% of Americans use their mobile phone while watching TV. * In parts of the world, mobile phone sharing is common. It is prevalent in urban India, as families and groups of friends often share one or more mobiles among their members. There are obvious economic benefits, but often familial customs and traditional gender roles play a part.[44] It is common for a village to have access to only one mobile phone, perhaps owned by a teacher or missionary, but available to all members of the village for necessary calls.[45] While driving Main article: Mobile phones and driving safety Texting in stop-and-go traffic in New York City Mobile phone use while driving is common but controversial. Being distracted while operating a motor vehicle has been shown to increase the risk of accident. Because of this, many jurisdictions prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving. Egypt, Israel, Japan, Portugal and Singapore ban both handheld and hands-free use of a mobile phone; others —including the UK, France, and many U.S. states—ban handheld phone use only, allowing hands-free use. Due to the increasing complexity of mobile phones, they are often more like mobile computers in their available uses. This has introduced additional difficulties for law enforcement officials in distinguishing one usage from another as drivers use their devices. This is more apparent in those countries which ban both handheld and hands-free usage, rather than those who have banned handheld use only, as officials cannot easily tell which function of the mobile phone is being used simply by looking at the driver. This can lead to drivers being stopped for using their device illegally on a phone call when, in fact, they were using the device for a legal purpose such as the phone’s incorporated controls for car stereo or satnav. A recently published study has reviewed the incidence of mobile phone use while cycling and its effects on behaviour and safety.[48] In schools Some schools limit or restrict the use of mobile phones. Schools have set restrictions because of the use of cell phones for cheating on tests, harassment and bullying, threats to the school’s security, distraction of students, and the facilitating of gossip and other social activity at school. Many mobile phones are banned in school locker room facilities, public restrooms and swimming pools due to the built-in cameras that most phones now feature. Mobile banking and payments Main articles: Mobile banking and Mobile payment See also: Branchless banking and Contactless payment In many countries, mobile phones are used to provide mobile banking services, which may include the ability to transfer cash payments by secure SMS text message. Kenya’s M-PESA mobile banking service, for example, allows customers of the mobile phone operator Safaricom to hold cash balances which are recorded on their SIM cards. Cash may be deposited or withdrawn from M-PESA accounts at Safaricom retail outlets located throughout the country, and may be transferred electronically from person to person as well as used to pay bills to companies. Branchless banking has also been successful in South Africa and Philippines. A pilot project in Bali was launched in 2011 by the International Finance Corporation and an Indonesian bank Bank Mandiri.[49] Another application of mobile banking technology is Zidisha, a US-based nonprofit microlending platform that allows residents of developing countries to raise small business loans from web users worldwide. Zidisha uses mobile banking for loan disbursements and repayments, transferring funds from lenders in the United States to the borrowers in rural Africa using the internet and mobile phones.[50] Mobile payments were first trialled in Finland in 1998 when two Coca-Cola vending machines in Espoo were enabled to work with SMS payments. Eventually, the idea spread and in 1999 the Philippines launched the first commercial mobile payments systems, on the mobile operators Globe and Smart. Some mobile phone can make mobile payments via direct mobile billing schemes or through contactless payments if the phone and point of sale support near field communication (NFC).[51] This requires the co-operation of manufacturers, network operators and retail merchants to enable contactless payments through NFC-equipped mobile phones.[52][53][54] Tracking and privacy See also: Mobile phone tracking Mobile phones are also commonly used to collect location data. While the phone is turned on, the geographical location of a mobile phone can be determined easily (whether it is being used or not), using a technique known as multilateration to calculate the differences in time for a signal to travel from the cell phone to each of several cell towers near the owner of the phone. The movements of a mobile phone user can be tracked by their service provider and, if desired, by law enforcement agencies and their government. Both the SIM card and the handset can be tracked.[55] China has proposed using this technology to track commuting patterns of Beijing city residents.[57] In the UK and US, law enforcement and intelligence services use mobiles to perform surveillance. They possess technology to activate the microphones in cell phones remotely in order to listen to conversations that take place near the phone. [58][59] Thefts According to the Federal Communications Commission, one out of three robberies involved the theft of a cellular phone. Police data in San Francisco showed that one-half of all robberies in 2012 were thefts of cellular phones. An online petition on Change.org called Secure our Smartphones urged smartphone manuacturers to install kill switches in their devices to make them unusable in case of theft. The petition is part of a joint effort by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman and San Francisco District Attorney George Gascon and was directed to the CEOs of the major smartphone manufacturers and telecommunication carriers. [60] On Monday, June 10, 2013, Apple announced it would install a kill switch on its next iPhone operating system, due to debut in October 2013. [61] ————————————————- Health effects Main article: Mobile phone radiation and health Further information: Mobile phones on aircraft The effect mobile phone radiation has on human health is the subject of recent interest and study, as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, which some believe may be harmful to human health. A large body of research exists, both epidemiological and experimental, innon-human animals and in humans, of which the majority shows no definite causative relationship between exposure to mobile phones and harmful biological effects in humans. This is often paraphrased simply as the balance of evidence showing no harm to humans from mobile phones, although a significant number of individual studies do suggest such a relationship, or are inconclusive. Other digital wireless systems, such as data communication networks, produce similar radiation. On 31 May 2011, the World Health Organization stated that mobile phone use may possibly represent a long-term health risk,[62][63] classifying mobile phone radiation as â€Å"possibly carcinogenic to humans† after a team of scientists reviewed studies on cell phone safety.[64] Mobile phones are in category 2B, which ranks it alongside Coffee and other possibly carcinogenic substances.[65][66] At least some recent studies have found an association between cell phone use and certain kinds of brain and salivary gland tumors. Lennart Hardell and other authors of a 2009 meta-analysis of 11 studies from peer-reviewed journals concluded that cell phone usage for at least ten years â€Å"approximately doubles the risk of being diagnosed with a brain tumor on the same (‘ipsilateral’) side of the head as that preferred for cell phone use.† [67] One study of past cell phone use cited in the report showed a â€Å"40% increased risk for gliomas (brain cancer) in the highest category of heavy users (reported average: 30 minutes per day over a 10†year period).†[68] This is a reversal from their prior position that cancer was unlikely to be caused by cellular phones or their base stations and that reviews had found no convincing evidence for other health effects.[63][69] Certain countries, including France, have warned against the use of cell phones especially by minors due to health risk uncertainties.[70] However, a study published 24 March 2012 in the British Medical Journal questioned these estimates, because the increase in brain cancers has not paralleled the increase in mobile phone use. Dis-advantages : * Some people (especially teens) get so much addicted to cell phones for talking, video, messaging, games, etc that they forget the real purpose of the phone and waste large part of their time in unnecessary interaction over their cell phones. * Nothing more can be a distraction for a teached in the classroom, when a student’s phone rings. Cell phones are increasingly becoming a problem for the schools during classroom hours and are becoming a means of cheating during examinations and other kinds of ability tests. All this is really bad and does hurt the future of the student, who doesn’t realize that he/she is him/her-self responsible for it. * Health of those living in the vicinity of cell phone towers is becoming a growing concern. Towers result into an area with concrete development along with destruction of natural features (vegetation etc) around the place. The towers also emit strong electromagnetic signals, which can be health hazard for those living nearby and who are getting exposed to strong radiations continuously during a good span of their lives. * While remaining in touch is good thing but sometimes it becomes annoying to have to deal with continuous incoming phone calls. You are on a vacation and your boss calls up, how does that sound! * Cell phone monthly bills are usually more than a landline bill. Sometimes, we may not require to have a cell phone but we still buy one and start paying monthly bills; so it increases our monthly/recurring expenses. * Use of hands-free (wired/blue-tooth) can at times pass on loud sounds to our ears which can result in weakening of ear-drums. Nowadays, one can download lot’s of songs, so keeping the hands-free glued inside your ears for long hours can really affect the sensitivity of ears in the long run of life. * There have been cases of cell phone blasts, due to the excessive heating up of it’s battery. This can be a fatal issue; although rare. * No joke, the surface of a cell phone has millions of bacteria and virus on it and that can be a strong reason of immediate skin p roblem on face or can result into other internal infections wherein the microbes creep inside the body through mouth or other openings. * Some use the keypad excessively; due to size restrictions the buttons and keypad of the cell phone are not natural for human hands; so excessive and prolonged typing can be an issue for fingers and finger joints. * The continuous exposure of signal to and from our cell phone can be a cancer concern, although to a meagre amount- research is still going on. However, the mobile phone industry has long resisted any suggestion of a link to cancer, though it accepts that mobile phone radiation does affect the electrical activity in the brain. * The battery parts and other electonic parts of a cell phone can be environmental hazard if not disposed off properly through approved means. * A cell phone can be helpful while driving and talking in case of urgent matters but increasingly it is becoming cause of accidents because it deviates the attention of a driver; human brain can do only one thing at a time (however small span of time it may be). * It can be a big time distraction and nuisance in calm and silent places like libraries, cinemas, restaruants, etc. Some cell phone users lose the sense of deciding when and where they can talk on the cell phone and where they can’t, without slightest consideration for the fellow beings around. * The mobile phone advertisements through messages are becoming a pain for the cell phone users. * Your SIM can be exploited as tracking device and if you’re an important person then that can be a big concern for you. Advantages : * The more you talk, the more you know how to talk and the better your communication skills become. This is applicable if you’re a sensible person and keep note of your interacting habits over the phone. It can be a communication tutorial! * Nothing more than a cell phone comes to great help in emergency. You are driving by the freeway and the vehicle jams and cell phone comes to your rescue. You are stuck in a lone place, again call somebody and ask for directions. * Parents can be a little less worried about their kids by being in constant touch with them. * If you’re a net-savvy, you can have Internet handy all the time and anywhere the signal of your cell phone provider can reach. * Trendy and stylish cell phones can be used as a bait to receive attention. It can be part of fashion and styling. * From the industy and economy point of view, cell phone companies (communication industry) is flourishing with market capital in billions. This is a good thing for the economy to be smooth and healthy. * Companies find it yet another medium to advertise their products; so another medium to reach the consumers. * Nowadays, cell phones are not just phone calls; they’re about messaging, video, songs, games, alarm clock, notes, calendar, reminder, etc. So one equipment, lots’ of uses! * Although cell phone use can be dangerous while driving but sometimes it can be a time-saver – you are driving and simultaneously discussing some urgent matter as well. A sensible and only urgent usage during driving can be a great help at times.

The Geographic and Magnetic North Poles

The Geographic and Magnetic North Poles Earth is home to two North Poles, both located in the Arctic region: the geographic North Pole and the magnetic North Pole. Geographic North Pole The northernmost point on the Earths surface is the geographic North Pole, also known as True North. It is located at 90 ° North latitude but it has no specific line of longitude since all lines of longitude converge at the pole. The Earths axis runs through the North and South poles and it is the line around which the Earth rotates. The geographic North Pole is located approximately 450 miles (725 km) north of Greenland, in the middle of the Arctic Ocean: the sea there has a depth of 13,410 feet (4087 meters). Most of the time, sea ice covers the North Pole, but recently, water has been sighted around the exact location of the pole. All Points Are South If you are standing at the North Pole, all points are south of you (east and west have no meaning at the North Pole). While the Earths rotation takes place once every 24 hours, the speed of rotation is different based on where one is on the planet. At the Equator, one would travel 1,038 miles per hour; someone at the North Pole, on the other, hand, travels very slowly, barely moving at all. The lines of longitude that establish our time zones are so close at the North Pole that time zones are meaningless; thus, the Arctic region uses UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) when local time is necessary at the North Pole. Due to the tilt of the Earths axis, the North Pole experiences six months of daylight from March 21 through September 21 and six months of darkness from September 21 through March 21. Magnetic North Pole Located about 250 miles south of the geographic North Pole lies the magnetic North Pole at approximately 86.3 ° North and 160 ° West (2015), northwest of Canadas Sverdrup Island. However, this location is not fixed and is moving continually, even on a daily basis. The Earths magnetic North Pole is the focus of the planets magnetic field and is the point that traditional magnetic compasses point toward. Compasses are also subject to  magnetic declination, which is a result of the Earths varied magnetic field. Each year, the  magnetic North Pole  and the magnetic field shift, requiring those using  magnetic compasses  for navigation to be keenly aware of the difference between Magnetic North and True North. The magnetic pole was first determined in 1831, hundreds of miles from its present location.  The Canadian  National Geomagnetic Program  monitors the movement of the magnetic North Pole. The magnetic North Pole moves on a daily basis, too. Every day, theres an elliptical movement of the magnetic pole about 50 miles (80 kilometers) from its average center point. Who Reached the North Pole First? Robert Peary, his partner Matthew Henson, and four Inuit are generally credited with being the first to reach the geographic North Pole on April 9, 1909 (although many suspects  they missed the exact North Pole by a few miles). In 1958, the United States nuclear submarine Nautilus was the first vessel to cross the Geographic North Pole.  Today, dozens of planes fly over the North Pole using great circle routes between continents.

Pendant que and the French Subjunctive

Pendant que and the French Subjunctive Is  pendant que  subjunctive or indicative? This is a question that challenges many French students and theres a simple answer. First, you must ask if  pendant que  (while) is indeed a fact. Does Pendant que Need the Subjunctive? No, pendant que does not take the subjunctive. Pendant que  means while and the act of doing something  while  something  else is occurring  is a reality and a truth. There is no question to pendant que. Heres an example sentence: Jà ©tudie pendant quil fait la cuisine.I study while he cooks. Why doesnt it take the subjunctive? Because the word  while  states a fact. There is no question in this example that I am studying while he cooks. The fact is, therefore, an indicative mood. If there were any question as to the nature of  while  or  pendant que, then it would be subjunctive. Lets look at another example: Elle dessine pendant que je regarde.She draws while I watch. Is there any question here about the reality of her drawing? No, it is a fact that she  is  drawing and that I am watching. There is no question or uncertainty in this sentence.   One last example should concrete the concept of  pendant que: Il attend pendant quils  rà ©parent la voiture.He is waiting while they repair the car. Again, these are facts and there is no question as to what each person involved is doing. Tip:  The same subjunctive rules that apply to  pendant que  also cover  tandis que, which also means while. Its All About Facts Pendant que states a fact. Always keep in mind that the subjunctive has some degree of uncertainty. If your statement cannot be subjective, then it cannot be subjunctive. Use this theory as you encounter and question other possible subjunctive and indicative words and phrases.

ECONOMIC OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ECONOMIC OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - Essay Example TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 4 Limits To Growth 4 Mathematical Analysis 5 Role And Impact Of Technical Advancements 7 The Quality Of Life 7 Challenges 7 Transition To A Sustainable Economy 8 Conclusion 8 References 10 1. Introduction Barack Obama (27 March 2008) said, â€Å"I think all of us here today would acknowledge that we’ve lost that sense of shared prosperity†. With the escalating gap between the economy of nations and amongst the individuals of same nation, prosperity is declining. The definition of prosperity needs to be revisited considering the world’s limitation of resources. According to Jackson (2009), global economy is constrained by finite ecological limits. The flourishing of human society in context of ecological limits is not only an alternate vision but also a necessity. This is a finite world with limited resources. To add to this, the population is expected to rise to 9 billion [1] and even more within a span of just three decades. Having a vision of prosperity for such a scenario is the need of the hour. Jackson (2009) has scrutinized the assumption that whether growth is essential for prosperity or not. Herman Daly (2008) and others have continuously tried to put forward the notion of steady-state economy. Jackson’s Prosperity Without Growth (2009) has been a vital attempt on the same notion and following it there are considerable â€Å"De-growth† European movements (Latouche, 2007) and surfacing of organisations like CASSE (2010). These actions and notions are all in favour of removing the growth element from the current implications of the economy. The arguments against this idea constitutes primarily of the reforms of the consumer-capitalist society. However as per Trainer (2010), the consumer capitalist society cannot be fixed or reformed. Rather, it needs to be scrapped and then remade along different lines. 2. Limits to Growth There are some huge issues down the line and these include the compl ete consumption of the environment, resource depletion, war, conflicts and lessening of social bonding. The key cause behind this would be overconsumption. Fotopoulos (2007) comments on the â€Å"de-growth initiative† and states that people are currently trying to live at standards of affluence which are too high for all to share. This is leading to an unstable society and considering the environmental factors, the adversity of results can be well analysed. Considering the following two examples, it is clear that the there needs to be a limit set to the growth factor or else, there would be no prosperity at all. Example 1: As per World Wildlife Fund (2009), it takes around 8 hectares of potent land to supply water, food and settlement area for one individual in Australia. After three decades, considering the number of 9 billion, 72 billion hectares of potent land would be required. This is approximately 10 times of the land which would be available at that time. Example 2: Th e Green House issue is well addressed by Hansen (2008) and Meinschausen et al (2009). In order to discontinue carbon content present in the atmosphere, the CO2 eliminations would be required to be completely eliminated by possibly 2030. Such examples clearly explain that the rich people’s living standards would no longer be sustainable in the coming future. People are living in way which makes it completely impossible to share resources by all. 3. Mathematical